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The
mound can also be said to take its name from Bride (pronounced
Breed), Brigit and Brighde (pronounced Bree-dah) who was The
Triple Goddess of the Celts.
Brigit was one of the most widely
worshiped mother goddesses in Celtic Britain, and is seen as the
Goddess of fire, smith craft, creativity, and healing.
Unable to remove such a powerful
Deity from the Celtic people, she
was adapted by the Roman Catholic Church into the cult of St
Brigit, who founded a religious community at Kildare in Ireland.
Excavations
on the Mound have revealed the remains of an early chapel
dedicated to Mary Magdalene, This chapel was part of a Mary
Magdalene hermitage and it was here that St Brigit lived when
she came to Glastonbury from Ireland in the fifth century.
Relics of hers including a spindle and a bell were left at
Bride's Mound where they were displayed in the chapel. It was
subsequently visited by so many Irish people that it became
known locally as ‘Little Ireland.’
In 1400 AD the monk, "John of Glastonbury mentions in his
writings a chapel at Beckery dedicated to St. Brigit, which had
a special opening in the southern wall that healed those who
passed through it. The fields around Bride’s Mound are still
called "The Brides”.
John of Glastonbury also related a
story concerning the visit of King Arthur to Beckery, at which
he had a vision of Mary and her son Jesus. At this time a hermit
lived on the mound and officiated as priest. As a result of this
vision King Arthur became a Christian and changed his coat of
arms from the Pagan red dragon to one showing Mary and Child.
For more on this legend, according to The Isle of Avalon by
Nicolas Mann.
There is also said to have been a spring on Bride’s Mound called
St Bride's Well which in the 1920s was marked by a stone and a
thorn tree on which women would tie prayer rags known as
clooties. People would also throw objects into the well for good
luck. The marker stone has now been moved to a place close by
the river Brue.
From
archaeology, from writings and from legend, we know that a
community of women lived on Bride's Mound. Legend also relates
that this area used to be called the 'women's quarter' and
several Glastonbury women have for a long time been concerned
about the now derelict state of Bride's mound and felt that a
sanctuary should be recreated there. Known as The Friends of
Brides Mound, they have proposed new plans which include the
rebuilding of the sacred space much as how it would have once
been.
Bride's Mound is a tiny little
mound to the west of Glastonbury, at Beckery, just near the foot
of Wearyall Hill. Tiny it may be, but its history is great, for
legend has it that it was a gateway to Avalon where pilgrims,
arriving by boat from Ireland and Wales, would stay in vigil
through the night, before passing on up the processional way to
Avalon.
Arthur is said to have had a
vision of the great Goddess here, and Mary with her son, and St.
Brigid of Ireland are said to have stayed here. Hence the link
with Bride (Brighde, Brigid).
A few women in Glastonbury have for a long time been concerned
about the derelict state of Bride's Mound and felt that a
sanctuary should be recreated there. Just recently, spurred on
by the threat of major development in the nearby abandoned
sheepskin factory, they formed a group called Friends of Brides
Mound and approached various organisations with their ideas.
It is proposed that this site, which has been held sacred over
many centuries, should once again have a sanctuary created.
Archaeological evidence suggests that there was a wattle and
daub timber shrine prior to the medieval stone chapel and our
proposal is to recreate a shrine within a garden of herbs and an
orchard using permaculture principles. Both herb garden and
orchard are traditional to a monastic garden. If possible, there
could also be beehives, in keeping with the name Beckery (the
old name of the mound) meaning 'beekeepers' island'.
The resulting produce should be sufficient to pay for the upkeep
of the site. Traditional willow fencing will separate the
orchard from the herb garden and sanctuary and from the nearby
sewerage works. It is also suggested that the neighbouring
orchard on the site of the sewerage works be reclaimed to the
mound, given special status, and that an archaeological dig
should occur there, since this is an integral part of the mound.
Ideally, it would be good to move the sewerage works to a more
appropriate site! Further, that another neighbouring field
stretching towards the river Brue be surveyed for possible
archaeological interest, and that the site of the spring be
found.
William of Malmesbury, writing circa 1135, and John of
Glastonbury, writing circa 1400, both describe traditions that
St. Bridget visited Glastonbury in 488 AD, spending time at
Bride's Mound, where there was an oratory dedicated to Mary
Magdalene. Relics of hers were left at Bride's Mound where they
were displayed in the chapel. Both writers implied that these
relics were still at Bride's Mound at the time of their writing.
William of Malmesbury and John of Glastonbury both state that a
charter of 670 recorded the granting of lands at Beckery, where
Bride's Mound is located. Beckery is also known locally as
Little Ireland, though the true derivation of the name is Beo
Cere, 'beekeepers island'.
A papal charter of 1168 refers to Beckery as the first of the
islands in the Abbey's estate. John of Glastonbury also
mentioned a chapel dedicated to St. Bridget which had a special
opening in the southern wall which healed those who passed
through it. The fields around are still called 'the Brides'.
John
of Glastonbury stated that on Wearyall Hill there was 'a
monastery of holy virgins' - the first reference to a women's
community in the area. He then related a story concerning the
visit of King Arthur to Beckery, at which he had a vision of
Mary and her son Jesus. At this time a hermit lived on the mound
and officiated as priest. As a result of this vision King Arthur
became a Christian and changed his coat of arms from a red
dragon to one showing Mary and Child.
Legend also relates that this area used to be called the
'women's quarter' because a community of women lived on Bride's
Mound after the visit by St Brigid, and a perpetual fire was
kept there. In 2004 the flame from the perpetual fire at Kildare
in Ireland was brought back to Glastonbury, where it is kept
alive today, awaiting the restoration of Bride's Mound.
An
Arthurian legend recounts how pilgrims who passed over Pomparles
Bridge (the Perilous Way – now the road between Glastonbury and
Street, which used to be an oak causeway), had to spend all
night in vigil at the chapel before they could pass up the
processional way to the holy Isle of Avalon. Bride's Mound was
held to be the gateway to Avalon, and the processional way went
from there via the Iron Age 'Castle' mount (now destroyed by
development) and St Benignus' (Benedict's) church.
There is also said to have been a spring called St Bride's Well
which in the 1920s was marked by a stone and a thorn tree on
which women would tie rags, as is still the custom in Cornwall.
People threw objects into the well for good luck. This stone has
now been moved to a place close by the river.
There has been one major excavation of the mound, by Philip
Rahtz in the 1960s, funded by the Chalice Well Trust.
From their excavations, they claimed that there is very little
evidence from the Neolithic and Iron Age periods apart from some
flints and some pottery, similar to that found in the nearby
Lake Villages. One theory is that there were jetties along the
north side of the island where the lake village people landed
their boats.
There were some Roman coins, bronze items and tiles, suggesting
that the mound was in continuous use throughout Roman times.
During the Romano-British, Arthurian and early Saxon eras there
is evidence of post holes from substantial timber,
wattle-and-daub structures. The dating is around 650-900 AD.
There are also many burials.
The later Saxon chapel was built around this, suggesting the
timber structure was still in use when the stone chapel was
built. This suggests that the mound was in constant use and
considered to be a holy place. Although there is no
archaeological evidence for the period from the end of Roman
times (c400 AD) to around 650 the fact that it was used both
before and after suggests that the mound has probably been in
continuous use since the Neolithic.
There is evidence of domestic occupation during this period,
with remains of cattle, sheep, pigs and poultry, suggesting a
small community lived on the mound.
During the later Saxon era, around 930, a stone chapel and an
adjacent house, called the Priests' House, was built. It was
used until the 1200s, when a new Norman chapel was built. There
is no evidence of a community during this period – merely one
caretaker-hermit-priest tending to the chapel. This appears to
have been abandoned after the dissolution of the monasteries in
the 1530s.
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